On a long downhill road you kept pressing the foot brake, and the brake pads (linings) became so hot that friction dropped and braking force weakened even when you pressed the pedal. What is this phenomenon?
💡 Hint
Brake problems on a long downhill road have different names depending on the cause. Distinguish overheated friction material (pads or linings) from bubbles forming in the brake fluid, and match the other options to whether they occur in the tires or on the road surface.
Answer: ④
Explanation
Fading is the loss of braking force that occurs when the friction material overheats and grips less (unlike vapor lock, which is caused by bubbles forming in the brake fluid). On long descents, prevent it by using a low gear to apply the engine brake and not riding the foot brake. A standing wave is a wave-like distortion of tyres at high speed.
Legal basis: 안전운전 일반: 페이드 현상